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Help with Washington State Taxes:

Below is information unique to the Washington Department of Revenue

Enforced Collection

Prior to taking aggressive collection actions, the state of Washington will notify of the pending action. If the taxpayer fails to pay the tax after receiving the Notice, tax liens and collections be issued.

Bank Levies

The state can take money out of your bank accounts, up to the amount of money owed to them. This is called a bank levy. Banks are required by law to comply with a bank levy if the money is there. There is, however, a holding period during which you may get money back. If you have had a bank levy, or anticipate that one is likely, get professional advice immediately.

Wage Garnishments

Your employer is legally obligated to comply with a garnishment request made by the state or IRS. The state may garnish a delinquent taxpayer’s wages until the back-tax liability is paid. If your wages are being garnished, or you have been warned that a garnishment is possible, get professional advice immediately. Also, the state may intercept any refunds that you have due from the IRS.

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Returns

    Returns and payments are to be filed with the department of revenue by every person liable for any tax which the department administers and/or collects, except for the taxes imposed on cigarettes, which are collected through sales of revenue stamps. Returns must be made upon forms, through the electronic filing (e-file) system, or by other means, provided or accepted by the department. The department provides tax returns upon request or when a taxpayer opens an active tax reporting account. Tax returns are generally mailed to all registered taxpayers prior to the due date of the tax. However, it remains the responsibility of taxpayers to timely request a return if one is not received, or to otherwise insure that their return is filed in a timely manner.

     Some consumers may not be required to register with the department and obtain a tax registration endorsement. But even if they do not have to be registered, consumers may be required to pay use tax directly to the department if they have purchased items without paying Washington's sales tax. An unregistered consumer must report and pay their use tax liability directly to the department on a "Consumer Use Tax Return." Consumer use tax returns are available from the department at any of the local district offices. A consumer may also call the department's toll free number 1-800-647-7706 to request a consumer use tax return by fax or mail. Finally, the consumer use tax return is available for download from the department's internet site at http://dor.wa.gov, along with a number of other returns and forms which are available there.

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Payments

    Payment may be made by cash, check, cashier's check, money order, and in certain cases by electronic funds transfers, or other electronic means approved by the department. The law requires that certain taxpayers pay their taxes through electronic funds transfers. The department notifies taxpayers who are required to pay their taxes in this manner, and can explain how to set up the electronic funds transfer process. Payment by cash should only be made at an office of the department to ensure that the payment is safely received and properly credited.

    Payment of the taxes due with the excise tax return must be made monthly and within twenty-five days after the end of the month in which taxable activities occur, unless the department assigns the taxpayer a longer reporting frequency. Payment of taxes due with returns covering a longer reporting frequency are due on or before the last day of the month following the period covered by the return.

     If a taxpayer suspects that it will not be able to file and pay by the coming due date, it may be able to obtain an extension of the due date to temporarily avoid additional penalties.

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Penalties

     Penalties: Various penalties may apply as a result of the failure to correctly or accurately compute the proper tax liability, or to timely pay the tax. Separate penalties may apply and be cumulative for the same tax. Interest may also apply if any tax has not been paid when it is due.

The penalty types and rates addressed in this subsection are:

Penalty Type -- Description Penalty Rate
Late payment of a return - Five percent added when payment is not received by the due date, and increases if the tax due remains unpaid. 5/15/25%
Unregistered taxpayer - Five percent added against unpaid tax when revenue discovers a taxpayer who has taxable activity but is not registered. 5%
Assessment - Five percent added when a tax assessment is issued if the tax was "substantially underpaid," and increases if the tax due remains unpaid. 5/15/25% or 0/15/25%
Issuance of a warrant - Ten percent added when a warrant is issued to collect unpaid tax, and does not require actual filing of a lien. 10%
Disregard of specific written instructions - Ten percent added when the department has provided specific, written reporting instructions and tax is underpaid because the instructions are not followed. 10%
Evasion - Fifty percent added when tax is underpaid and there is an intentional effort to hide that fact. 50%
Misuse of resale certificates - Fifty percent added against unpaid sales tax when a buyer uses a resale certificate but should not have. 50%
Failure to remit sales tax to seller - Ten percent added against sales tax when the department proceeds directly against a buyer who fails to pay sales tax to the seller as part of a sales taxable retail purchase. 10%
Failure to obtain the contractor's unified business identifier (UBI) number - A flat two hundred fifty dollar maximum penalty (does not require any tax liability) when specified businesses hire certain contractors but do not obtain and keep the contractor's UBI number. $250 max

     Late payment of a return: There is a five percent penalty if the tax due on a taxpayer's return is not paid by the due date. A total penalty of fifteen percent is imposed if the tax due is not paid on or before the last day of the month following the due date, and a total penalty of twenty-five percent is imposed if the tax due is still not paid on or before the last day of the second month following the due date. The minimum penalty for late payment is five dollars. Various sets of circumstances can affect how the late payment of a return penalty is applied.

The department may refuse to accept any return which is not accompanied by payment of the tax shown to be due on the return. If the return is not accepted, the taxpayer is considered to have failed or refused to file the return. Failure to file the return can result in the issuance of an assessment for the actual, or an estimated, amount of unpaid tax. Any assessment issued may include an assessment penalty. If the tax return is accepted without payment and payment is not made by the due date, the late payment of return penalty will apply.

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    New Business registration: You should fill out and send in a Master Application to get your business registered. It is important for you to register before the department identifies you as an unregistered taxpayer and contacts you about your business activities. (WAC 458-20-101 provides information about registering your business.) Except as noted below, if a person engages in taxable activities while unregistered, but then registers prior to being contacted by the department, the registration is considered voluntary. When a person voluntarily registers, the late payment of return penalty does not apply to those specific tax-reporting periods representing the time during which the person was unregistered.

Even if the person has voluntarily registered as explained above, the late payment of return penalty will apply if the person:

  1. Collected retail sales tax from customers and failed to remit it to the department; or
  2. Engaged in evasion or misrepresentation with respect to reporting tax liabilities or other tax requirements; or
  3. Engaged in taxable business activities during a period of time in which the person's previously open tax reporting account had been closed.

    Unregistered taxpayer. RCW 82.32.090 imposes a five percent penalty on the tax due for any period of time where a person engages in a taxable activity and does not voluntarily register prior to being contacted by the department. "Voluntarily register" means to properly complete and submit a master application to any agency or entity participating in the unified business identifier (UBI) program for the purpose of obtaining a UBI number, all of which is done before any contact from the department. For example, if a person properly completes and submits a master application to the department of labor and industries for the purpose of obtaining a UBI number, and this is done prior to any contact from the department of revenue, the department considers that person to have voluntarily registered. A person has not voluntarily registered if a UBI number is obtained by any means other than submitting a properly completed master application.

    Assessment. If the department issues an assessment for substantially underpaid tax, a five percent penalty will be added to the assessment when it is issued. If any tax included in the assessment is not paid by the due date, or by any extended due date, the penalty will increase to a total of fifteen percent against the amount of tax that remains unpaid. If any tax included in the assessment is not paid within thirty days of the original or extended due date, the penalty will further increase to a total of twenty-five percent against the amount of tax that remains unpaid. The minimum for this penalty is five dollars.

     Substantially underpaid means that:

  • The taxpayer has paid less than eighty percent of the amount of tax determined by the department to be due for all of the types of taxes included in, and for the entire period of time covered by, the department's examination; and
  • The amount of underpayment is at least one thousand dollars. If both of these conditions are true when an assessment is issued, it will include the initial five percent assessment penalty. If factual adjustments are made after issuance of an assessment, and those adjustments change whether a taxpayer paid less than eighty percent of the tax due, the department will reevaluate imposition of the original five percent penalty.

If the initial five percent assessment penalty is included with an assessment when it is issued, the penalty is calculated against the total amount of tax that was not paid when originally due and payable. Audit payments made prior to issuance of an assessment will be applied to the assessment after calculation of the initial five percent assessment penalty. At the discretion of the department, preexisting credits or amendments paid prior to an audit or unrelated to the scope of the assessment may be applied before the five percent assessment penalty is calculated, reducing the amount of the penalty. Additional assessment penalty is assessed against the amount of tax that remains unpaid at that particular time, after payments are applied to the assessment.

Issuance of a warrant. If the department issues a tax warrant for the collection of any fee, tax, increase, or penalty, an additional penalty will immediately be added in the amount of ten percent of the amount of the tax due, but not less than ten dollars.

Disregard of specific written instructions. If the department finds that all or any part of a deficiency resulted from the disregard of specific written instructions as to reporting of tax liabilities, an additional penalty of ten percent of the additional tax found due will be imposed because of the failure to follow the instructions.

Exceptions:
  • A taxpayer is considered to have received specific written instructions when the department has informed the taxpayer in writing of its tax obligations and specifically advised the taxpayer that failure to act in accordance with those instructions may result in this penalty being imposed. The specific written instructions may be given as a part of a tax assessment, audit, determination, or closing agreement. The penalty applies when a taxpayer does not follow the specific written instructions, resulting in underpayment of the tax due. The penalty may be applied only against the taxpayer given the specific written instructions. However, the taxpayer will not be considered to have disregarded the instructions if the taxpayer has appealed the subject matter of the instructions and the department has not issued its final instructions or decision.
  • The penalty will not be applied if the taxpayer has made a good faith effort to comply with specific written instructions.
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Evasion of Taxes

     If the department finds that all or any part of the deficiency resulted from an intent to evade the tax due, a penalty of fifty percent of the additional tax found to be due will be added. The evasion penalty is imposed when a taxpayer knows a tax liability is due but attempts to escape detection or payment of the tax liability through deceit, fraud, or other intentional wrongdoing. An intent to evade does not exist where a deficiency is the result of an honest mistake, miscommunication, or the lack of knowledge regarding proper accounting methods. The department has the burden of showing the existence of an intent to evade a tax liability through clear, cogent and convincing evidence.

     Evasion penalty only applies to the specific taxes that a taxpayer intended to evade. To the extent that the evasion involved only specific taxes, the evasion penalty will be added only to those taxes. The evasion penalty will not be applied to those taxes which were inadvertently underpaid. For example, if the department finds that the taxpayer intentionally understated the purchase price of equipment in reporting use tax and also inadvertently failed to collect or remit the sales tax at the correct rate on retail sales of merchandise, the evasion penalty will be added only to the use tax deficiency and not the sales tax.

    The following is a nonexclusive list of actions that are generally considered to establish an intent to evade a tax liability. This list should only be used as a general guide. A determination of whether an intent to evade exists may be ascertained only after a review of all the facts and circumstances

  • The use of an out-of-state address by a Washington resident to register property to avoid a Washington excise or use tax, when at the time of registration the taxpayer does not reside at the out-of-state address on a more than temporary basis. Examples of such an address include, but are not limited to, the residence of a relative, mail forwarding or post office box location, motel, campground, or vacation property;
  • The willful failure of a seller to remit retail sales taxes collected from customers to the department; and
  • The alteration of a purchase invoice or misrepresentation of the price paid for property (e.g., a used vehicle) to reduce the amount of tax owing.
  • Misuse of resale certificates. Any buyer who uses a resale certificate to purchase items or retail services without payment of sales tax, and who is not entitled to use the certificate for the purchase, will be assessed a penalty of fifty percent of the tax due. The penalty can apply even if there was no intent to evade the payment of the tax.
  • Failure to remit sales tax to seller. The department may assert an additional ten percent penalty against a buyer who has failed to pay the seller the retail sales tax on taxable purchases, if the department proceeds directly against the buyer for the payment of the tax. This penalty is in addition to any other penalties or interest prescribed by law.
  • Failure to obtain the contractor's unified business identifier (UBI) number.

     Statutory restrictions on imposing penalties. Depending on the circumstances, the law may impose more than one type of penalty on the same tax liability. However, those penalties are subject to the following restrictions:

     (a) The penalties imposed for the late payment of a return, unregistered taxpayer, assessment, and issuance of a warrant may be applied against the same tax concurrently, each unaffected by the others, up to their combined maximum rates. Application of one or any combination of these penalties does not prohibit or restrict full application of other penalties authorized by law, even when they are applied against the same tax.

The department may impose either the evasion penalty or the penalty for disregarding specific written instructions, but may not impose both penalties on the same tax. The department also will not impose the penalty for the misuse of a resale certificate in combination with either the evasion penalty or the penalty for disregarding specific written instructions on the same tax.

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Interest

The department is required by law to add interest to assessments for tax deficiencies and overpayments. Interest applies to taxes only.

     (a) For tax liabilities arising before January 1, 1992, interest will be added at the rate of nine percent per annum from the last day of the year in which the deficiency is incurred until the date of payment, or December 31, 1998, whichever comes first. Any interest accrued on these liabilities after December 31, 1998, will be added at the annual variable interest rates described below.

     (b) For tax liabilities arising after December 31, 1991, and before January 1, 1998, interest will be added at the annual variable interest rates described below in (e) of this subsection, from the last day of the year in which the deficiency is incurred until the date of payment.

     (c) For interest imposed after December 31, 1998, interest will be added from the last day of the month following each calendar year included in a notice, or the last day of the month following the final month included in a notice if not the end of the calendar year, until the due date of the notice. However, for 1998 taxes only, interest may not begin to accrue any earlier than February 1, 1999, even if the last period included in the notice is not at the end of calendar year 1998. If payment in full is not made by the due date of the notice, additional interest will be due until the date of payment. The rate of interest continues at the annual variable interest rates described below.

How interest is applied to an assessment that includes underpaid tax from multiple years:

The following is an example of how the interest provisions apply. Assume that a tax assessment is issued with a due date of June 30, 2000. The assessment includes periods from January 1, 1997, through September 30, 1999.

  1. For calendar year 1997 tax, interest begins January 1, 1998, (from the last day of the year). When the assessment is issued the interest is computed through June 30, 2000, (the due date of the assessment).
  2. For calendar year 1998 tax, interest begins February 1, 1999, (from the last day of the month following the end of the calendar year). When the assessment is issued interest is computed through June 30, 2000, (the due date).
  3. For the 1999 tax period ending with September 30, 1999, interest begins November 1, 1999, (from the last day of the month following the last month included in the assessment period). When the assessment is issued interest is computed through June 30, 2000, (the due date).
  4. Interest will continue to accrue on any portion of the assessed taxes which remain unpaid after the due date, until the date those taxes are paid.

How each year's interest rate determined:

The annual variable interest rate will be an average of the federal short-term rate as defined in 26 U.S.C. Sec. 1274(d) plus two percentage points. The rate for each new year will be computed by taking an arithmetical average to the nearest percentage point of the federal short-term rate, compounded annually. The average is calculated using the federal short-term rates from January, April, July of the calendar year immediately preceding the new year, and October of the previous preceding year, as published by the United States Secretary of the Treasury. The interest rate will be adjusted on the first day of January of each year.

How is the interest applied if an assessment includes some years that are underpaid and some that are overpaid?

If the assessment contains tax deficiencies in some years and overpayments in other years with the net difference being a tax deficiency, the interest rate for tax deficiencies will also be applied to the overpayments.

Application of payment towards liability:

The department will apply taxpayer payments first to interest, next to penalties, and then to the tax, without regard to any direction of the taxpayer.

In applying a partial payment to a tax assessment, the payment will first be applied against the oldest tax liability. It will be assumed that any payments applied to the tax liability will be first applied against any retail sales tax liability.

Circumstances beyond the control of the taxpayer.

The department will waive or cancel the penalties imposed upon finding that the underpayment of the tax, or the failure to pay any tax by the due date, was the result of circumstances beyond the control of the taxpayer. It is possible that a taxpayer will qualify for a waiver of one type of penalty, without obtaining a waiver for all penalties associated with a particular tax liability. Circumstances determined to be beyond the control of the taxpayer when considering a waiver of one type of penalty are not necessarily pertinent when considering a waiver of a different penalty type. For example, circumstances that qualify for waiver of a late payment of return penalty do not necessarily also justify waiver of the assessment penalty or the penalty for misuse of a resale certificate. Refer to WAC 458-20-102 (Resale certificates) for examples of circumstances which are beyond the control of the taxpayer specifically regarding the penalty for misuse of resale certificates.

(i) A request for a waiver or cancellation of penalties should contain all pertinent facts and be accompanied by such proof as may be available. The taxpayer bears the burden of establishing that the circumstances were beyond its control and directly caused the late payment. The request should be made in the form of a letter; however, verbal requests may be accepted and considered at the discretion of the department. Any petition for correction of assessment submitted to the department's appeals division for waiver of penalties must be made within the period for filing under RCW 82.32.160 (within thirty days after the issuance of the original notice of the amount owed or within the period covered by any extension of the due date granted by the department), and must be in writing, as explained in WAC (Appeals, small claims and settlements). Refund requests must be made within the statutory limitation period.

(ii) The circumstances beyond the control of the taxpayer must actually cause the late payment. Circumstances beyond the control of the taxpayer are generally those which are immediate, unexpected, or in the nature of an emergency. Such circumstances result in the taxpayer not having reasonable time or opportunity to obtain an extension of the due date or otherwise timely file and pay. Circumstances beyond the control of the taxpayer include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following.

  1. The return payment was mailed on time but inadvertently sent to another agency.
  2. (B) Erroneous written information given to the taxpayer by a department officer or employee caused the delinquency. A penalty generally will not be waived when it is claimed that erroneous oral information was given by a department employee. The reason for not canceling the penalty in cases of oral information is because of the uncertainty of the facts presented, the uncertainty of the instructions or information imparted by the department employee, and the uncertainty that the taxpayer fully understood the information given. Reliance by the taxpayer on incorrect advice received from the taxpayer's legal or accounting representative is not a basis for cancellation of a penalty.
  3. The delinquency was directly caused by death or serious illness of the taxpayer, or a member of the taxpayer's immediate family. The same circumstances apply to the taxpayer's accountant or other tax preparer, or their immediate family. This situation is not intended to have an indefinite application. A death or serious illness which denies a taxpayer reasonable time or opportunity to obtain an extension or to otherwise arrange timely filing and payment is a circumstance eligible for penalty waiver.
  4. The delinquency was caused by the unavoidable absence of the taxpayer or key employee, prior to the filing date. "Unavoidable absence of the taxpayer" does not include absences because of business trips, vacations, personnel turnover, or terminations.
  5. The delinquency was caused by the destruction by fire or other casualty of the taxpayer's place of business or business records.
  6. The delinquency was caused by an act of fraud, embezzlement, theft, or conversion on the part of the taxpayer's employee or other persons contracted with the taxpayer, which the taxpayer could not immediately detect or prevent, provided that reasonable safeguards or internal controls were in place.
  7. The department does not respond to the taxpayer's request for a tax return (or other forms necessary to compute the tax) within a reasonable period of time, which directly causes delinquent filing and payment on the part of the taxpayer. This assumes that, given the same situation, if the department had provided the requested form(s) within a reasonable period of time, the taxpayer would have been able to meet its obligation for timely payment of the tax. In any case, the taxpayer has responsibility to insure that its return is filed in a timely manner (e.g., by keeping track of pending due dates) and must anticipatively request a return for that purpose, if one is not received. (Note: Tax returns and other forms are immediately available to download at no cost from the department's internet site, http://dor.wa.gov. When good cause exists, taxpayers are advised to contact the department and request an extension of the due date for filing, before the due date of concern has passed. Taxpayers who have registered to file electronically with e-file will avoid potential penalties relating to unreceived paper returns.

The following are examples of circumstances that are generally not considered to be beyond the control of the taxpayer and will not qualify for a waiver or cancellation of penalty:

  1. Financial hardship;
  2. A misunderstanding or lack of knowledge of a tax liability;
  3. The failure of the taxpayer to receive a tax return form, except where the taxpayer timely requested the form and it was still not furnished in reasonable time to mail the return and payment by the due date, as described in (a)(ii)(G) of this subsection;
  4. Registration of an account that is not considered a voluntary registration, as described in subsection (5)(a)(iii) and (b) of this section;
  5. Mistakes or misconduct on the part of employees or other persons contracted with the taxpayer; and
  6. Reliance upon unpublished, written information from the department that was issued to and specifically addresses the circumstances of some other taxpayer.
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Waiver of the late payment of return penalty.

The late payment of return penalty may be waived either as a result of circumstances beyond the control of the taxpayer or after a twenty-four month review of the taxpayer's reporting history, as described below. If the late payment of return penalty is assessed on a return but is not the result of circumstances beyond the control of the taxpayer, the penalty will still be waived or canceled if the following two circumstances are satisfied:

  1. The taxpayer requests the penalty waiver for a tax return which was required to be filed;
  2. The taxpayer has timely filed and paid all tax returns due for that specific tax program for a period of twenty-four months immediately preceding the period covered by the return for which the waiver is being requested.

     If a taxpayer has obtained a tax registration endorsement with the department prior to engaging in business within the state and has engaged in business activities for a period less than twenty-four months, the taxpayer is eligible for the waiver if the taxpayer had no delinquent tax returns for periods prior to the period covered by the return for which the waiver is being requested. As a result, the taxpayer's very first return due can qualify for a waiver under the twenty-four month review provision. This is the only situation under which the department will consider a waiver when the taxpayer has not timely filed and paid tax returns covering an immediately preceding twenty-four month period.

     (2) A return will be considered timely for purpose of the waiver if there is no tax liability on it when it is filed. Also, a return will be considered timely if any late payment penalties assessed on it were waived or canceled due to circumstances beyond the control of the taxpayer (see (a) of this subsection). The number of times penalty has been waived due to circumstances beyond the control of the taxpayer does not influence whether the waiver in this subsection will be granted. A taxpayer may receive more than one of the waivers in this subsection within a twenty-four month period if returns for more than one of the listed tax programs are filed, but no more than one waiver can be applied to any one tax program in a twenty-four month period.

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Stay of Collection

    Stay of collection. 82.32.190 allows the department to initiate a stay of collection, without the request of the taxpayer and without requiring any bond, for certain tax liabilities when they may be affected by the outcome of a question pending before the courts (see (a) of this subsection). The department, at its discretion, may allow a taxpayer to file a bond in order to obtain a stay of collection on a tax assessment. The department will grant a taxpayer's stay of collection request, only when the department determines that a stay is in the best interests of the state.

Circumstances under which the department may consider initiating a stay of collection without requiring a bond include, but are not necessarily limited to, the existence of the following:

  1. A constitutional issue to be litigated by the taxpayer, the resolution of which is uncertain;
  2. A matter of first impression for which the department has little precedent in administrative practice; or
  3. An issue affecting other similarly situated taxpayers for whom the department would be willing to stay collection of the tax.

The department will give consideration to a request for a stay of collection of an assessment if:

  1. A written request for the stay is made prior to the due date for payment of the assessment; and
  2. Payment of any unprotested portion of the assessment and other taxes due is made timely; and
  3. The request is accompanied by an offer of a cash bond, or a security bond that is guaranteed by a specified authorized surety insurer. The amount of the bond will generally be equal to the total amount of the assessment, including any penalties and interest. However, where appropriate, the department may require a bond in an increased amount not to exceed twice the amount for which the stay is requested.

Other:

  • Claims of financial hardship or threat of litigation are not grounds that justify the granting of a stay of collection. However, the department will consider a claim of significant financial hardship as grounds for staying collection procedures, but this will be done only if a partial payment agreement is executed and kept in accordance with the department's procedures and with such security as the department deems necessary.
  • If the department grants a stay of collection, the stay will be for a period of no longer than two calendar years from the date of acceptance of the taxpayer request, or thirty days following a decision not appealed from by a tribunal or court of competent jurisdiction upholding the validity of the tax assessed, whichever date occurs first. The department may extend the period of a stay originally granted, but only for good cause shown.
  • Interest will continue to accrue against the unpaid tax portion of a liability under stay of collection. Effective January 1, 1997, the interest rates changed from nine percent and twelve percent per annum, respectively, to the same predetermined annual variable rates.
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Extensions.

The department, for good cause, may extend the due date for filing any return. Any permanent extension more than ten days beyond the due date, and any temporary extension in excess of thirty days, must be conditional upon deposit by the taxpayer with the department of an amount equal to the estimated tax liability for the reporting period or periods for which the extension is granted. This deposit is credited to the taxpayer's account and may be applied to the taxpayer's liability upon cancellation of the permanent extension or upon reporting of the tax liability where a temporary extension of more than thirty days has been granted.

The amount of the deposit is subject to departmental approval. The amount will be reviewed from time to time, and a change may be required at any time that the department concludes that such amount does not approximate the tax liability for the reporting period or periods for which the extension was granted.

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Power of Attorney with Washington

You may have a qualified professional represent you. This requires that you have a power of attorney form completed and signed before any tax matter can be discussed with your representative. The state of Washington accepts the WA Tax Information Authorization form for this purpose.

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If you have unanswered questions, do not hesitate to contact Larson Financial.

 


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